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Management of Hericium erinaceus bag culture

1. **Cultivation Site Requirements**     - Clean, shaded, rainproof, with controlled temperature, light, and good ventilation; dry ground (no dampness).     - Professional farms: Dedicated culture rooms (civil/brick-concrete structure) with airtightness, ventilation, and scattered light; lime-painted walls, cement-smoothed floors; optional culture racks for mushroom bags.     - Non-professional settings: Existing houses/sheds (used for other edible fungi) with pest/fungus prevention (especially mites).     - Small-scale cultivation: Combined culture room and mushroom shed (or integrated inoculation, culture, and fruiting spaces) to reduce labor, but low space efficiency.   2. **Key Management Measures**     - **Proper Stacking**       - Low temperatures: Initial "firewood-like" stacking (rows 30-40cm apart, 10-13 layers); switch to "well" pattern (6-7 layers) when mycelial rings reach 6-7cm in diameter.       - High temperatures: Alternating "well" pattern (4 bags/layer, 6-7 total layers).       - Unsealed inoculation openings: Top bags face downward or covered with sterilized toilet paper (prevent dehydration/contamination).     - **Flexible Temperature Control**       - Mycelial germination period (first 3-4 days): Room temp 24-26°C (bag temp 1-2°C lower than room temp); use plastic sheets or heating if temp <15°C.       - Mycelial growth period: Room temp ~23°C (material temp 2-4°C higher than room temp); reduce stack height to 4-5 layers (avoid overheating).     - **Enhanced Ventilation**       - Aerobic fungus: Ventilate in mornings/evenings (high temp) or noon (low temp); open doors/windows for extended periods at ideal temps.       - Use electric fans in high temps; avoid direct sunlight (damages mycelium, causes overheating/steam → contamination) with shades.     - **Humidity Control**       - Mycelium relies on medium moisture; keep culture room dry (relative humidity <70%).       - Ventilate to reduce humidity if indoor > outdoor; close doors/windows if outdoor > indoor.     - **Appropriate Bag Opening**       - For tape-sealed bags: When mycelia between inoculation holes nearly connect, lift tape corners to create soybean-sized vents (expel CO₂, increase oxygen). Omit for unsealed holes.     - **Timely Turning**       - Purpose: Ensure uniform light/air exposure, temperature, and growth; check for contamination; dissipate heat.       - Method: Swap middle/outer bags, upper/lower bags, and better/worse growth bags; handle gently (avoid pressing inoculation holes).       - Timing: Twice (first when inoculation port mycelia are 5-7cm; second when mycelia nearly fill bags). Transfer to fruiting shed when bags are full of mycelia and primordia appear.